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AIM OF CLASSIFICATION
The classification of organisms provides an advantage in the investigation and observation of living things.
Carl Von Linnaeus was the first person to classify living things in a scientific way in 1735.
He was use binomial nomenclature. Latin language is used in binomial nomenclature.
In binomial nomenclature, each organism has two names.
First of them is genus name, other is species name.
Pinus nigra (Black pine).
Pinus is name of genus and nigra is name of species.
SPECIES:
It is group of organisms which members have many similarities.
Properties of species
1-They must produce fertile offspring.
2-They must have the same chromosome number.
3-The members of species must be able to mate.
HORSE DONKEY MULE
Mule cant reproduce.
Because it isnt a species.
A group of similar species is called genus.
Organisms which belong to same genus, have same genus name. Felis domesticus (House cat)
Felis tigris (Tiger)
Felis leo (lion)
Pinus nigra
Pinus brutia
Pinus halapensis
A group of similar species is called genus.
A group of similar genera (sing:genus) is called family.
A group of similar family is called order.
A group of similar order is called class.
A group of similar classes is called phylum(Phyla).
A group of similar phylum is called kingdom.
From kingdom to species the following trends are observed
1-The number of groups decreases.
2-Similarities in organisms increases
3-The number of members decreases
Kingdom : Animalia Phylum : Chordata
Class : Mammalia Species : Homo sapiens
Order : Primates Genus : Homo
Family : Hominidae
Some organisms like both animals and plants.
Ex: Euglena
Euglena likes animals because it can move. It also likes plants because it has chloroplast in its structure.
Kingdoms
1-Monera
2-Protista
3-Fungi
4-Plantae
5-Animalia